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Submitted: 31 Jul 2022
Revision: 10 Jan 2023
Accepted: 28 Jan 2023
ePublished: 30 Mar 2023
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J Educ Community Health. 2023;10(1): 8-15.
doi: 10.34172/jech.2023.1991

Scopus ID: 85162221562
  Abstract View: 1088
  PDF Download: 475

Sexual Health

Original Article

The Effect of Educational Intervention Based on the Health Belief Model on Promoting Perceived Self-efficacy to Prevent HIV/AIDS Among the High School Students

Fatemeh Darabi 1 ORCID logo, Mina Maheri 2* ORCID logo, Mehri Noroozi Shadmani 3 ORCID logo

1 Department of Public Health, Asadabad School of Medical Sciences, Asadabad, Iran
2 Department of Public Health, School of Public Health, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
3 Students Research Committee, Asadabad School of Medical Sciences, Asadabad, Iran
*Corresponding Author: Mina Maheri, Email: maheri.a@umsu.ac.ir

Abstract

Background: Promoting awareness and correcting health beliefs about preventive behaviors in adolescents and young people are the most effective ways to prevent the transmission of HIV/AIDS. This study was conducted to assess the influence of the educational intervention on the promotion of perceived self-efficacy to inhibit HIV/AIDS among high school students.

Methods: This quasi-experimental investigation included 230 high school students in Asadabad and was conducted in 2021. Following the selection of students by the multi-stage cluster sampling method, they were allotted into two equal (intervention and control) groups of 115 individuals. The educational program for the intervention group included five one-hour sessions of the students’ social network (Shad), which was implemented by a participatory method based on questions and answers and group discussion, as well as practical performance. A reliable and valid questionnaire comprising three parts (personal attributes, awareness, and health belief model [HBM] constructs) was employed for data collection. The collected data were analyzed using different tests, including Fisher’s exact test, the chi-square test, ANCOVA, and independent and paired sample t tests in SPSS software, version 16.

Results: Educational intervention based on HBM not only affected the promotion of awareness (P<0.05), self-efficacy, perceived susceptibility, severity, and benefits but also reduced students’ perceived barriers to preventive behaviors (P<0.05).

Conclusion: Our findings revealed that the educational intervention based on HBM affected health belief constructs concerning HIV/AIDS. Thus, the results of this study can be beneficial for school health education and health educators who design disease education programs.


Please cite this article as follows: Darabi F, Maheri M, Noroozi Shadmani M. The effect of educational intervention based on the health belief model on promoting perceived self-efficacy to prevent HIV/AIDS among the high school students. J Educ Community Health. 2023; 10(1):8-15. doi:10.34172/jech.2023.1991
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