Hamadan University of Medical Sciences Journal of Education and Community Health 2820-896X 7 4 2020 12 30 Investigating the Effect of Education Based on the Health Belief Model on Safe Behavior Preventing children's Injuries in Mothers with under 5-Years Children 247 255 10.29252/jech.7.4.247 EN Sara Heidarikia Marzieh Araban https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9920-0261 Akbar Babaei Heydarabadi https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2392-0144 Seyed Mahmood Latifi https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8989-5397 Journal Article 10.29252/jech.7.4.247 2020 03 12 2020 06 20 Aims: Improving children's health is one of the most important indicators of a community's health and preventing injuries in children requires safety. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the effect of theory-based education (Health Belief Model) on mothers' safety behavior in preventing injuries from pediatric accidents. Materials & Methods: This semi-experimental study was conducted with 220 mothers with children under 5 years old. The data collection tool was a questionnaire based on knowledge, Health Belief Model constructs, behavior, and home safety checklist that was completed before and after educational intervention in both control and test groups by a Self-Report Method. The educational intervention based on the Health Belief Model was performed in 3 sessions using feedback speech, group discussion, clip display, and images. Data were analyzed by SPSS 22 statistical software and Mann-Whitney, Wilcoxon, t, and Chi-Square tests. Findings: The mean age and standard deviation of mothers were 28.50±5.20 years. There was a significant difference between the mean score of awareness, behavior, home safety and structural beliefs of the health belief model in the intervention group before and after the educational intervention (p<0.001) and in the control group between the mean score of perceived sensitivity and perceived barriers, behavior, home safety increased significantly. There was a significant difference in the score difference each of the variables before and after the intervention between the two groups. Conclusion: The educational program designed based on the Health Belief Model is effective in improving mothers' beliefs and enhancing the safety behavior of mothers in preventing children's accidents.