Hamadan University of Medical Sciences Journal of Education and Community Health 2820-896X 11 2 2024 07 31 Effectiveness of a Health Belief Model-based Educational Intervention on Treatment Adherence Among Type 2 Diabetic Patients: Insights from a Randomized Controlled Trial in Iran 98 106 10.34172/jech.2585 EN Keramat Nouri https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4720-4655 Mahin Nazari https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1773-7298 Mohammad Hossein Kaveh https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9141-3243 Fateme Sadat Hosseini https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1269-8322 Journal Article 10.34172/jech.2585 2023 08 25 2024 05 28 Background: Diabetes is a significant and costly health problem worldwide, requiring effective interventions to improve adherence. The aim of this study was to increase treatment adherence in patients with type 2 diabetes using constructs from the Health Belief Model (HBM). Methods: An educational intervention consisting of four sessions was conducted on 100 patients with type 2 diabetes referred to the Diabetes Clinic affiliated with the Social Security Organization in Mobarakeh, Isfahan province, Iran. The mean difference before and after the intervention in HBM constructs and self-efficacy activities was compared using independent t-tests. The association between self-care behaviors before and after the educational intervention in both groups and the expected value of a part of the HBM was examined using linear regression. The threshold for statistical significance was P<0.05. Results: After the intervention, the mean difference scores for all components of the HBM and self-efficacy increased significantly in the intervention group. In linear regression analysis, perceived vulnerability was the only variable that showed a direct and significant relationship with self-care in the intervention group. Conclusion: The results of the study suggest that patient education improved all HBM constructs related to treatment adherence. This underscores the importance and effectiveness of self-care education in controlling blood glucose levels in diabetic patients.