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Submitted: 15 May 2024
Revision: 17 Jul 2024
Accepted: 30 Jul 2024
ePublished: 31 Jul 2024
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J Educ Community Health. 2024;11(2): 91-97.
doi: 10.34172/jech.2982
  Abstract View: 83
  PDF Download: 56

Cancer Prevention

Original Article

The Impact of an Educational Program on the Stages of Change for Mammography Screening Among Rural Women with Low Health Literacy

Elhan Salehi 1 ORCID logo, Nasrin Ghiasi 1 ORCID logo, Reza Pakzad 2 ORCID logo, Mohsen Jalilian 1* ORCID logo

1 Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
2 Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Health, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
*Corresponding Author: Mohsen Jalilian, Email: jalilian91@yahoo.com

Abstract

Background: The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of an educational program on the mammography screening stage of change among rural women with low health literacy.

Methods: In general, 52 rural women participated in this experimental study. The samples were selected using a multi-stage cluster sampling method and divided into two intervention (n=26) and control (n=26) groups. An educational program was implemented for the intervention group for one month. The data collection tool was a valid questionnaire based on constructs of the transtheoretical model (TTM) related to mammography screening, which was completed in the pre-test phase and after three and six months. The data were analyzed using SPSS 16 at the significant level of 0.05.

Results: There was no significant difference between the control and intervention groups at the pre-test phase (P>0.05). The intervention group demonstrated considerable progress in the stage of change for mammography screening after three- and six-month follow-ups (P<0.001, odds ratio [OR]=2.54). The odds ratio of progress in the stages of change in the intervention group compared to the control group significantly increased after three (P<0.001, OR=4.29) and six (P<0.001, OR=5.45) months of follow-up. In addition, the findings indicated a significant increase in the mean scores of decisional balance, processes of change, and self-efficacy in the intervention group compared to the control group three and six months after the educational intervention (P<0.005).

Conclusion: The educational program significantly advanced mammography screening stages among rural women with low health literacy. These results highlight the program’s effectiveness in enhancing screening behaviors in this underserved population.


Please cite this article as follows: Salehi E, Ghiasi N, Pakzad R, Jalilian M. The impact of an educational program on the stages of change for mammography screening among rural women with low health literacy. J Educ Community Health. 2024; 11(2):91-97. doi:10.34172/jech.2982
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